Bears Vs. The Bears - 1293 Words

Bears versus Butches†¦The Bears Climb to the Top while Butches Attempt but Instead Plop. The Bears and the Butches have both experienced discrimination throughout their lives because of who they are, both being minorities in the gay and lesbian community. The Bears feel that they are the marginalized group of a marginalized group in the gay community (Ingram), while the Butches aren’t accepted into lesbian meetings because they of how they make themselves appear (Feinberg 135-136). The Bears have an easier time negotiating the straight world than the Butches. The Bears aren’t looked down upon at all in comparison to the Butches. The Bears can go around town, across the country, the world even and not get stared after. The Butches face violence because of their appearance, while the Bears do not. Gay men, especially the Bears have more acceptance in the world than the Butches in Stone Butch Blues. The Bears in Bear Nation have a lot of acceptance already. Their nati onal conference is being held, and men from all over the country and those even from other countries have arrived to the conference to celebrate that they are Bears. Their arrival at the hotel doesn’t stir much attention. People who were not Bears did not know what the meeting was for. Another resident of the hotel assume that the hotel is having some sort of convention for truckers (Ingram). When seeing a man whose gender expression is masculine, and is burly, strong, and looks like he could be in a motorcycleShow MoreRelatedPanda Bears Vs. Environment1279 Words   |  6 PagesRamsha Hashmi ENGL 21003 Section F2 Research Paper October 15, 2015 Panda Bears vs Environment The population of giant pandas is decreasing so rapidly that it has reached the point that they are considered an endangered species. These black and white bears reside mainly in China where seventeen percent of the total population of pandas reside. They are habituated in bamboo forests, which are not only the panda s’ home, but also their main source of food. A panda s diet consists of ninetyRead MoreBear Vs. Shark By Chris Bachelder981 Words   |  4 PagesBear v. Shark, by Chris Bachelder states that entertainment dominates the life of America s society. More specifically, Bachelder portrays these on the computer-generated animals, the bear and the shark, who have brainwashed the culture of the Normans and the people in the United States. This paper will show the similarities and differences of the novel s portrayal of postmodern society to the world we live in today, and the fact where entertainment influences people to be obsessed with the technologyRead MoreEv oloution of Polar Bears (Lamarck vs Darwin) Essay1102 Words   |  5 PagesThe Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus) is a bear native largely within the Arctic Circle encircling the Arctic Ocean, its surrounding seas and land masses. Although it is closely related to the Brown Bear, it has evolved to occupy a narrower ecological forte, with many body characteristics adapted for cold temperatures, for moving across snow, ice, and open water, and for hunting the seals which make up most of its diet. Though there are many theories surrounding evolution, the two stand outstanding hypothesesRead MoreHow America Should Perceive The Second Amendment Essay1139 Words   |  5 Pagespeople debating how America should perceive the second amendment. Many view the second amendment as outdated, irrelevant, or possibly dangerous in today’s society. Others believe the founding fathers’ beliefs and reasons for including the right to bear arms are often misinterpreted resulting in a fight to p rotect its place in the Bill of Rights. The pushers for more gun laws and the NRA are in unending debate on whether or not the second amendment continues to be relevant today. In order to understandRead MoreTouching Spirit Bear Analysis943 Words   |  4 Pages In the novel, Touching Spirit Bear, by Ben Mikaelson, Cole Matthews undergoes conflict. Minneapolis’ infamous Cole Matthews is a fifteen-year-old juvenile delinquent, who experiences a paucity of love and positive attention growing up. Consequently, the abuse creates his barbarous perspective towards life and other people. Struggling to manage his uncontrollable anger, he endures conflict with his innocent peer, Peter Driscal, with nature, with his own self, and with his inebriated parents. TheRead MoreThe Constitution And The Declaration Of Independence1712 Words   |  7 Pagesgovernment. Today, as a U.S citizen there are many who take the amendments out of context and think that they can perform any act of terror as they wish. The Second Amendment, the right to bear arms, is one of the most important amendments for citizens as they need to protect themselves as well as others. 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Analyse the changes that occurred within US foreign policy after the 9/11 attacks. - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2253 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Politics Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? On September 20th, 2001, President George W. Bush (2001, n. pag.) gave a speech addressing the events of nine days before: On September the 11th, enemies of freedom committed an act of war against our country. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Analyse the changes that occurred within US foreign policy after the 9/11 attacks." essay for you Create order Americans have known wars, but for the past 136 years they have been wars on foreign soil, except for one Sunday in 1941. The speech drew upon the notion that America had been attacked and also laid the blame firmly at the door of terrorism whilst interpreting it as an act of war. Although the emotive rhetoric was designed to stir support for a response, it also heralded a new era in US foreign policy. Defined as a foreign policy crisis by Bolton (2008, p. 6), it was inevitable that it would elicit a response by American policymakers but the extent to which it has changed US foreign policy has been hotly debated. As such, this essay will discuss the changes in post-9/11 US foreign policy, identifying areas that marked a departure from the policy in place prior to 9/11. It will analyse each to determine the extent to which it was a direct response to the terrorist attack and evaluate how the change impacted upon long-term foreign policy strategy. This will be done with a view to concl uding that many of the changes to US foreign policy in the post-9/11 era have been a response to the evolving security threat posed by terrorism and did force policy to evolve in order to accommodate strategies that address modern problems. However, those changes may have made an immediate impact but did little to alter the long-term course of US foreign policy. Foreign policy arguably changed direction within days of 9/11 with the most immediate and most obvious change being the shift in focus towards terrorism. Bentley and Holland (2013) highlight that the focus had been foreign economic policy under Clinton but 9/11 produced a dramatic movement away from diplomacy and towards military solutions via the War on Terror. There was also movement away from policy that prioritised relations with the great powers of Russia and China. Earlier unilateralism had negatively impacted upon relations with both nations, thus causing deterioration that extended beyond the Cold War era hostilit ies and prevented effective relations between East and West (Cameron, 2006; Nadkarni, 2010). However, the American desire to create a world-wide anti-terrorism alliance (Nadkarni, 2010, p. 60) brought about a relative thaw between the nations and facilitated discourse in order to cater for shared security concerns. This change provides evidence of an immediate shift in US interests and this manifested in foreign policy. As such, this is an extremely important change that occurred post-9/11, especially as it emerged out of the first response to the attack and served to dictate US actions abroad for more than a decade afterwards. The shift of focus from the great powers and towards terrorism provided policy space to address security threats via the three pillars of the Bush administrations national security policy, which had become a fundamental element of foreign policy as, for the first time since World War II, the attack on American soil brought both ostensibly dichotomous stran ds of policy together. The pillars were missile defence (a continuation of policy prior to 9/11), pre-emption and homeland security, both of which were embraced after 9/11 in response to it (Lebovic, 2007). Although elements of this were rooted in domestic policy, the pre-emption aspect of policy was also manifest in foreign policy because non-state terrorist groups and rogue states became inextricably linked to US foreign policy as targets to be dealt with under the new priorities outlined in the wake of the terror attacks, although this was somewhat more gradual than the initial shift to focus on terrorism. Indeed, the Bush Doctrine marked a fundamental shift towards utilisation of policy that incorporates both pre-emptive action and preventative action, which marked the decline of the reliance on containment and deterrence that dictated policy from the Cold War era onwards (Jentleson, 2013; Levy, 2013). The pre-emptive strikes were indicative of a strategy that sought to defend b y attacking those who posed an immediate security threat to the US and allowed policy to justify the unilateral military pursuit of specifically American interests. This suggests that 9/11 was used as an effective excuse to create foreign policy that better mirrored the ideology of the government than what was in place in the months prior to the attack. There is extensive criticism of the policy that reinforces the assumption that the government manipulate foreign policy to suit its own ends. For example, Ryan (2008, p. 49) argues that Iraq, which was labelled a rogue state, was already a focal point of foreign policy but the events of 9/11 allowed policymakers to push their specific agenda: Influential strategists within the Bush administration seized on the horror to gain assent from liberal Americans to move the country towards a war in Iraq that neoconservative strategists desired, but that many within the US shunned. Holland (2012) concurs, arguing that coercive rhetoric was used extensively in order to sell the War on Terror via culturally embedded discourse. In addition, Miles (2013, p. 110) advocates that Bushs placement of rogue states at the centre of Americas response to 9/11 was welcomed as an opportunity to overthrow a number of old threats and terror loving tyrannies who stood in the way of democracy and freedom. This perspective certainly offers a credible insight as to how 9/11 was manipulated in order to push foreign policy in a certain direction, and indeed one that was a continuation of what had gone before. However, the need to manipulate public opinion is indicative of the fact that foreign policy had deviated from that in place directly prior to the terrorist attack on the World Trade Centre. US foreign policy has also responded to the increased demand for humanitarian assistance to aid failed states and nation building to ensure their reconstruction following 9/11. Shannon (2009) points out that the reconstruction of Afghanistan fo llowing the US invasion there has essentially helped to prevent the failure of the state, improve the quality of life for its people, introduce freedoms and democratic processes that were absent before and aided the avoidance of the state being controlled by terrorists. This was certainly a change from previous foreign policy: Before 9/11, nation building was often caricatured as a form of idealistic altruism divorced from hard-headed foreign policy realism In the post-9/11 era, nation-building has a hard-headed strategic rationale: to prevent weak or failing states from falling prey to terrorist groups (Litwak, 2007, p. 313). This summary of the extent to which attitudes changed highlights the fact that a greater role in states that required humanitarian assistance was incorporated into foreign policy out of necessity rather than ideological choice. There was a distinct need to limit terrorist activity as far as possible and this actively manifested in this element of foreign polic y. As Litwak (2007) points out, humanitarian action was not a staple element of American foreign policy by any means and so this, more than any other element of foreign policy, does signal that a change occurred within the strategic objectives inherent in the War on Terror. However, there are criticisms of this particular change because the US is charged with failing to follow through with humanitarian aid to the extent that it should have done. For example, Johnstone and Laville (2010) suggest that the reconstruction of Afghanistan was effectively abandoned with a failure to create institutions that would withstand future threats to freedom and democracy. This suggests that this particular area of strategy was not well thought out and did not achieve its ultimate aims. However, the fact that it was included in US foreign policy post-9/11 suggests that there was a concerted effort to implement a multifaceted policy to tackle terrorism as a new and dangerous global strategic threat. However, despite the fact that the analysis here points to a change of direction for US foreign policy in the wake of 9/11 that was specifically designed to tackle the causes of and security threat posed by terrorism, some critical areas of policy did not change. For example, the long term objectives of the US were still manifest within new policy but they appeared in a different form that essentially provided a response to a different threat. Leffler (2011, n. pag.) argues that 9/11: did not change the world or transform the long-term trajectory of US grand strategy. The United States quest for primacy, its desire to lead the world, its preference for an open door and free markets, its concern with military supremacy, its readiness to act unilaterally when deemed necessary, its eclectic merger of interests and values, its sense of indispensability à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" all these remained, and remain, unchanged. This summary of the ultimate goals of US foreign policy draws att ention to the fact that very little has changed. Although the British government supported the invasion of Iraq in the wake of 9/11, the fact that the United Nations Security Council refused to pass a resolution condoning the use of force did not prevent the launch of Operation Iraqi Freedom (Hybel, 2014). This is evidence of the readiness to act unilaterally if it serves their interests. Gaddis concurs, noting that US self-interest remained the same with very little consideration of long term strategy that intervention elsewhere would require. Bolton (2008, p. 6), on the other hand, agrees that many of the changes to US foreign policy were made immediately but he disagrees with the assertions of Leffler and Gaddis concerning their long term impact. Bolton (2008, pp. 6-7) asserts that the changes have caused a longer-term impact, albeit one that has diminished over time as a result of the enduring nature of the national security policy and its evolution to accommodate the threat of terrorism in the wake of 9/11. Although this provides a dissenting voice in one respect, it demonstrates consensus on the fact that the changes in US foreign policy post-9/11 were a direct response to a new global threat but they were implemented alongside existing strategic goals. In effect, the approach may have changed but the ultimate objective had not. In conclusion, the analysis here has identified and discussed several changes that occurred within US foreign policy post-9/11. There can be little doubt that there was a distinct shift in focus to the need to deal with terrorism after the first attack on American soil for seventy years. Similarly, the policy content evolved to adopt a more humanitarian approach to global crises and a proactive and pre-emptive approach to potential threats. All of these changes did mark a departure from what had gone before in some way. However, although the majority of changes were incorporated into foreign policy within two years and were al l undoubtedly a response to the attack and its causes, there is significant evidence to suggest that such actions provided an extension of foreign policy doctrine that had gone before. For example, although the focus of foreign policy shifted from the old Cold War objectives of containment and deterrence to terrorism, the interest policymakers took in some rogue states like Iraq was simply a continuation of established ideologies of ensuring freedom and democracy. Similarly, the US administration of foreign policy changed very little in terms of its determination to act unilaterally where necessary and lead the world in a battle against the latest threat to global security. As such, it is possible to conclude that many of the changes to US foreign policy in the post-9/11 era have been a response to the evolving security threat posed by terrorism. Furthermore, it was necessary for policy to evolve in order to accommodate strategies that address modern problems that were not as much o f a priority in the late 20th century. However, whilst those changes made an immediate impact on foreign policy, it did not alter the long-term course of US foreign policy because that remained firmly focused on the outcomes of action elsewhere in the world in relation to American interests. Bibliography Bentley, M. Holland, J., (2013). Obamas Foreign Policy: Ending the War on Terror. Abingdon: Routledge. Bolton, M., (2008). US National Security and Foreign Policymaking After 9/11. Lanham: Rowman Littlefield. Bush, G., (2001). President Bush Addresses the Nation. The Washington Post. [Online] Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/nation/specials/attacked/transcripts/bushaddress_092001.html [Accessed 3 October 2015]. Cameron, F., (2006). US Foreign Policy After the Cold War. Abingdon: Routledge. Gaddis, J., (2004). Surprise, Security and the American Experience. New Haven: Harvard University Press. Holland, J., (2012). Selling the War on Terror: Foreign Policy Discourses After 9/11. Abingdon: Routledge. Hybel, A., (2014). US Foreign Policy Decision-Making from Kennedy to Obama. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Jentleson, B., (2013). American Foreign Policy. 5th Edition. New York: W. W. Norton. Johnstone, A. Laville, H., (2010). The US Public and American Foreign Policy. Abingdon: Routledge. Lebovic, J., (2007). Deterring International Terrorism and Rogue States. Abingdon: Routledge. Leffler, M., (2011). September 11 in Retrospect: George W. Bushs Grand Strategy Reconsidered. Foreign Affairs. [Online] Available at: https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/2011-08-19/september-11-retrospect [Accessed 3 October 2015]. Levy, J., (2013). Preventative War and the Bush Doctrine. In S. Renshon P. Suedfeld eds. Understanding the Bush Doctrine: Psychology and Strategy in an Age of Terrorism. Abingdon: Routledge, pp. 175-200. Litwak, R., (2007). Regime Change: US Strategy Through the Prism of 9/11. Baltimore: JHU Press. Miles, A., (2013). US Foreign Policy and the Rogue State Doctrine. Abingdon: Routledge. Nadkarni, V., (2010). Strategic Partnerships in Asia: Balancing Without Alliances. Abingdon: Routledge. Ryan, D., (2008). 9/11 and US Foreign Policy. In M. Halliwell C. Morley eds. American Thought and Cult ure in the Twenty First Century. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Shannon, R., (2009). Playing with Principles in an Era of Securitized Aid: Negotiating Humanitarian Space in Post-9/11 Afghanistan. Progress in Development Studies. 9:1, pp. 15-36.

Hydrogen Fuel Cells Innovation for the 21st Century

In 1839, the first fuel cell was conceived by Sir William Robert Grove, a Welsh judge, inventor, and physicist. He mixed hydrogen and oxygen in the presence of an electrolyte and produced electricity and water. The invention, which later became known as a fuel cell, didnt produce enough electricity to be useful. Early Stages of the Fuel Cell   In 1889, the term â€Å"fuel cell† was first coined by Ludwig Mond and Charles Langer, who attempted to build a working fuel cell using air and industrial coal gas. Another source states that it was William White Jaques who first coined the term fuel cell. Jaques was also the first researcher to use phosphoric acid in the electrolyte bath. In the 1920s, fuel cell research in Germany paved the way for the development of the carbonate cycle and solid oxide fuel cells of today. In 1932, engineer Francis T Bacon began his vital research into fuels cells. Early cell designers used porous platinum electrodes and sulfuric acid as the electrolyte bath. Using platinum was expensive and using sulfuric acid was corrosive. Bacon improved on the expensive platinum catalysts with a hydrogen and oxygen cell using a less corrosive alkaline electrolyte and inexpensive nickel electrodes. It took Bacon until 1959 to perfect his design when he demonstrated a five-kilowatt fuel cell that could power a welding machine. Francis T. Bacon, a direct descendant of the other well known Francis Bacon, named his famous fuel cell design the Bacon Cell. Fuel Cells in Vehicles In October of 1959, Harry Karl Ihrig, an engineer for the Allis - Chalmers Manufacturing Company, demonstrated a 20-horsepower tractor that was the first vehicle ever powered by a fuel cell. During the early 1960s, General Electric produced the fuel-cell-based electrical power system for NASAs Gemini and Apollo space capsules. General Electric used the principles found in the Bacon Cell as the basis of its design. Today, the Space Shuttles electricity is provided by fuel cells, and the same fuel cells provide drinking water for the crew. NASA decided that using nuclear reactors was too high a risk, and using batteries or solar power was too bulky to use in space vehicles. NASA has funded more than 200 research contracts exploring fuel-cell technology, bringing the technology to a level now viable for the private sector. The first bus powered by a fuel cell was completed in 1993, and several fuel-cell cars are now being built in Europe and in the United States. Daimler-Benz and Toyota launched prototype fuel-cell powered cars in 1997. Fuel Cells the Superior Energy Source Maybe the answer to Whats so great about fuel cells? should be the question Whats so great about pollution,  changing the climate  or running out of oil, natural gas, and coal? As we head into the next millennium, it is time to put renewable energy and planet-friendly technology at the top of our priorities. Fuel cells have been around for over 150 years and offer a source of energy that is inexhaustible, environmentally safe and always available. So why arent they being used everywhere already? Until recently, it has been because of the cost. The cells were too expensive to make. That has now changed. In the United States, several pieces of legislation have promoted the current explosion in hydrogen fuel cell development: namely, the congressional Hydrogen Future Act of 1996 and several state laws promoting zero emission levels for cars. Worldwide, different types of fuel cells have been developed with extensive public funding. The United States alone has sunk more than one billion dollars into fuel-cell research in the last thirty years. In 1998, Iceland announced plans to create a hydrogen economy in cooperation with German carmaker Daimler-Benz and Canadian fuel cell developer Ballard Power Systems. The 10-year plan would convert all transportation vehicles, including Icelands fishing fleet, over to fuel-cell-powered vehicles. In March 1999, Iceland, Shell Oil, Daimler Chrysler, and Norsk Hydroformed a company to further develop Icelands hydrogen economy. In February 1999, Europes first public commercial hydrogen fuel station for cars and trucks opened for business in Hamburg, Germany. In April 1999, Daimler Chrysler unveiled the liquid hydrogen vehicle NECAR 4. With a top speed of 90 mph and a 280-mile tank capacity, the car wowed the press. The company plans to have fuel-cell vehicles in limited production by the year 2004. By that time, Daimler Chrysler will have spent $1.4 billion more on fuel-cell technology development. In August 1999, Singapore physicists announced a new hydrogen storage method of alkali doped carbon nanotubes that would increase hydrogen storage and safety. A Taiwanese company, San Yang, is developing the first  fuel cell  powered motorcycle. Where Do We Go From Here? There are still issues with hydrogen-fueled engines and power plants. Transport, storage and safety problems need to be addressed. Greenpeace has promoted the development of a fuel cell operated with regeneratively produced hydrogen. European car makers have so far ignored a Greenpeace project for a super-efficient car consuming only 3 liters of gasoline per 100 km. Special Thanks goes to H-Power, The Hydrogen Fuel Cell Letter, and Fuel Cell 2000

The Problems with Statutory Rape Essay examples - 1006 Words

Many issues have come up with the laws surrounding statutory rape. Although the laws are in place to help people, many people see them as unfair and they believe that there are changes that could be made to help improve these laws. A major problem with statutory rape laws is that each state has a different law. To help improve statutory rape laws, all states should work together to have a set of country-wide laws, so that the states all have the same laws. With a few minor improvements, the statutory rape laws would be problem free. The statutory rape laws in the United States are in place to protect adolescents from rape. The dictionary definition of statutory rape is â€Å"sexual intercourse with a minor.† The difference between rape†¦show more content†¦The laws that pertain to statutory rape are put in place to protect minors. However, the laws have caused ethical issues in many states. An issue that comes up frequently is if two people are dating and one is eighteen and one is sixteen. In the 20th century, these relationships were not as common as they are now. Today, these relationships are found in many high schools across the country. It is not uncommon for a ninth grader and an eleventh or twelfth grader to be in a relationship in this day and age. The problem with these relationships are that there is normally at least a two year age gap, if not more. If the people in these relationships engage in sexual activities, which would not be uncommon, it becomes a case of statutory rape. For example, if a couple had been dating for many years, and one partner was three years older than the other. As soon as the older person turned eighteen, if this couple had any sexual contact it would become a crime.(Kempner) In society today, it would not be uncommon for a couple who had been together for many years to be sexually active with each other. One would think that if it was a couple that had been together for a long time and they were engaging in sexual activities that both people in the relationship had both consented too that it would be okay, however, the law states it is not. These laws make it hard forShow MoreRelatedYoung Girls in Puberty Are Not Women Essay1213 Words   |  5 Pagesunderage person (minor) is, consider statutory rape. Even if the sex may not be forced or compelled, it is legally looked at as a nonconsensual under the statutory rape law code. Different states address sex with minors differently, based on the current statutory rape law, some states are working diligently to enhance the way the carryout statutory rape laws to offenders’ while some are lacking extremely on the issue, which are leading to some mutinous social problems. There is a major concern aboutRead More Statutory Rape Essay example1092 Words   |  5 Pages Statutory Rape Laws The term â€Å"statutory rape† is used when the government considers people under a certain age to be unable to give consent to sex and therefore consider sexual contact with them to be a rape. The age at which individuals are considered to give consent is called the age of consent. The age of consent can ranging from thirteen to twenty-one, depending on the limits set by each state in accordance with local standards of morality. Even sex that violates the age-of-consent laws butRead MoreVictim Advocacy1496 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract Date rape is a serious offense and should be not taken lightly. The National Crime Victimization Survey and the Uniform Crime Reporting provides statistics on this offense. There are also strengths and weaknesses in both tools, but they are both valuable tools. To understand date rape, it is important to know the definition, and how date rape is distinguished between stranger rape, statutory rape, and spousal rape. It’s also important to understand the drugs that are used for date rape and howRead MoreThe Age Of Consent1647 Words   |  7 Pagesa guideline constructed stating this. Introduction The law states that statutory rape is having sexual intercourse unlawfully with a child of below sixteen years of age, and it is punishable by imprisonment in a state prison or serving a term in a correction facility. The law further provides that it does not require the defendant to be aware of the age of the victim at that time to amount to statutory rape. For a statutory case to be considered, all that is required is proof that sexual intercourseRead MoreWhy Are Statutory Rape Laws in NC More Favorable for the Girl Rather Than the Guy?1426 Words   |  6 PagesHave you ever wondered what Statutory Rape really is? It is sexual intercourse with a minor. In humbler terms it is when a male adult 18 years or older has sexual intercourse with a female who is 17 years old or younger without consent. The issue that I have seen arise a great deal of the time is that the laws in most states are sexually biased when it comes to an adult male and an underage female. In this essay I want to specifically focus on the State of North Carolina, being that I live in thisRead MoreIs Rape A Victim Of A Sexual Crime? Essay1253 Words   |  6 PagesTopic: Identifying how a perpetrator can utilize date rape drugs to make their victim more vulnerable and an easy target for rape. Purpose: To teach the audience why it is important to prosecute these type of cases. I. Introduction A. Rape is defined as, â€Å"the penetration no matter how slight, of the vagina or anus with any body part or object, or oral penetration by a sex organ of another person, without the consent of the victim.† (Editorial Board, 2016, P.21) B. It is important to know whatRead MoreDefinition Of Criminal Behavior And Law1462 Words   |  6 PagesCriminal Laws by Predating Criminal Responsibility: Punishing Planning and Organizing Terrorist Attacks as a Means to Optimize Effectiveness of Fighting against Terrorism†. Offender duty is preceded with the purposed of identifying the unknown; the problem has to be center on behavior, which can be comprehended as a disorder external the criminal’s short-term scope to succeed as criminal wrong. Offender duty is preceded to its initial phase of planning and preparing the commission of crimes. PreventiveRead MoreLegal Age Of Sexual Consent1569 Words   |  7 Pageswho share a border. The ages of consent also vary among countries and also by individual state in the United States. Engaging in sexually activities with individuals that are not the legal age of consent can result in criminal charges such as statutory rape, but many places have exceptions. These exception s include certain gaps in age varying place to place, as well as the defense of not knowing the actual age of the victim. Understanding the ages of consent and the variances between states and aRead MoreRape: A Crime1196 Words   |  5 PagesThe definition of rape is: The unlawful compelling of a person through physical force or duress to have sexual intercourse. Basically, rape is a forceful act in trying any way possible to make someone have sex with them. This crime is still being committed to this day and is not viewed as big of an issue as it truly is. In order to prove rape is a disgusting and unnecessary crime, the following essay will consist of the history, laws, the costs involved, health effects, and the opposing side’s beliefsRead MoreThe Civil Rights Of Oklahoma Former Cop Daniel Holtzclaw928 Words   |  4 Pages Also in Oklahoma former cop Daniel Holtzclaw was charged with raping and sexually victimizing 8 women in a low-income neighborhood (Chicago Tr ibune Newspaper). He was also convicted of forcible oral sodomy, sexual battery and second degree rape. Now he is known as the serial rapist/cop. He was sentenced to 236 years in prison, including a 30-year sentence on each of four of the first degree charges he faced. It took a jury 45 hours over a period of 4 days to deliberate this case. He also

Review of Literature for Poverty Measurements - 1668 Words

Literature Review From the time of independence, India has been suffering from acute poverty, most of it is chronic in nature. If we look at the percentage of people below the poverty line, we do notice a sharp fall, but the absolute number remains increasing at a high rate. The situation keeps aggravating despite of several poverty alleviation programs that are implemented every year. The main reason for such failure, apart from the implementation issues, would be the measurement and numbers on which these programs are based. Appropriate measurement is central to analyzing and understanding poverty and its alleviation. Joshi P.D. (1997) identifies the methods and indices used for measuring the magnitude and extent of poverty are not†¦show more content†¦(Ghosh J, 2010) The qualitative measures of poverty and wellbeing are also widely criticized by researchers who follow positive research paradigm on the ground that the relation between participatory exercises and the project or plans to alleviate poverty is often remote. Also there are factors like heterogeneity, ambiguity in responses, truthfulness etc. Hayati D. Et al., ( 2004) however recognizes that there is yet another group of researchers who think that both qualitative and quantitative approaches can be used simultaneously to answer a research question. For example, Poverty Measurement Index (PMI) is one such index. The PMI explicitly accommodates the multidimensionality of poverty. In the PMI construction process, poverty is viewed as a multidimensional and complex socio-economic state that relates to many aspects of household living. Bailey J. makes out that in adopting such an approach, it is necessary to extend the net so as to cover wider dimensions of well-being using non-conventional indicators of psychosocial and mental health, and environmental, relational and subjective components. In addition to this there should be an appropriate use of econometric and mathematical tools in order to quantify the variables. Tiwari M, (2008) argues that some researchers emphasizes on the qualitative and holistic approach to measure poverty.A more holistic understanding of poverty and wellbeing will have importantShow MoreRelatedNigeria Literature1569 Words   |  7 PagesThe researcher sourced materials from literatures published from 2000-2015, with the exception of press articles (which were excluded owing to time constraints on the project) were included in the review. 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Speilberg Build Tension In The Film Jaws Essay Example For Students

Speilberg Build Tension In The Film Jaws Essay How Does Speilberg Build Tension In The Film Jaws? Consider Particularly The First Hour Of The Film Before The Three Men Embark Upon Their Quest To Kill The Shark And Also Upon The Part Played By The Audiences Response To The Character Of Brodie.  I am writing this essay to show the manner of which Speilberg creates tension in the film Jaws. I will be looking at the ways he does this and the way he uses Brodie, the main character to influence the audience and the effect he has on the tension of the film. The director, Speilberg attempts to leave his audiences apprehensive and uses suspense to grip the audience, he uses this format of tension to keep the audience watching because they want to find out what is going to happen next. This is best used with Brodie after the viewers have grown to like him and assigned him the heroes role.  The film is set in a quite, uneventful town. Nothing seems to ever happen. This is shown by the locals hassling the police department over trampled flowers and other seemingly insignificant problems. This builds tension because of the fact that it will badly affect the area and you do not know what could happen. The island is a very touristy area in summer. This is the main income for locals, which causes a conflict between the islanders over the safety of the area. The tourists also cause a lot of commotion and provide plenty of targets for the upcoming problem.  Amity Island is a small island, calm sea surrounding it with stretches of beautiful golden beaches, it is the complete opposite from Brodies hometown of New York. The action hero of the film is portrayed as the police chief, officer Brodie. He is a newcomer from New York and therefore is used to blazing guns rather than quite sunny stretches of beaches. From the start of the film he seems misplaced on the island due to his fear of the Sea and water in general. This creates tension because you are always thinking about how he will overcome a sea dwelling terror if he will not set foot in the sea. This leaves you pondering over the question can Brodie overcome his fear or will he be beaten? As if the title didnt give it away and you have not twigged on, here comes the bad guy. A 25ft king of the sea, the Great White Shark. Larger than most boats in the Amity harbour it seems that this monstrosity is unbeatable! In rolls another two heroes. One fitting the role perfectly, a big built hard man with a beard, sideburns, jeans, a jacket and a knife in his back pocket. This is Quince. The second of the two is an unusual character to be fighting to save a town of innocent people is in the weedy form of the scientist Hooper. The first time the shark is brought to our attention is when two teenagers who have been drinking heavily are doing naughty stuff on the beach when they decide to take a dip in the water. They both proceed towards the sea with the male quite obviously worse for wear! The girl takes her clothes off and dives into the sea, the boy attempts to follow but only makes it to the water edge where he proceeds to vomit and pass out! The audience is alerted that something is about to go wrong with a young couple on the beach. The male is lying almost unconscious dangerously close to the incoming shoreline. The female is in the sea, drunk and a fair distance from the beach with the only person to look after her being the half-dead male on the floor. .u122d733129dddf4e34e0be769812bbd7 , .u122d733129dddf4e34e0be769812bbd7 .postImageUrl , .u122d733129dddf4e34e0be769812bbd7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u122d733129dddf4e34e0be769812bbd7 , .u122d733129dddf4e34e0be769812bbd7:hover , .u122d733129dddf4e34e0be769812bbd7:visited , .u122d733129dddf4e34e0be769812bbd7:active { border:0!important; } .u122d733129dddf4e34e0be769812bbd7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u122d733129dddf4e34e0be769812bbd7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u122d733129dddf4e34e0be769812bbd7:active , .u122d733129dddf4e34e0be769812bbd7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u122d733129dddf4e34e0be769812bbd7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u122d733129dddf4e34e0be769812bbd7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u122d733129dddf4e34e0be769812bbd7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u122d733129dddf4e34e0be769812bbd7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u122d733129dddf4e34e0be769812bbd7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u122d733129dddf4e34e0be769812bbd7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u122d733129dddf4e34e0be769812bbd7 .u122d733129dddf4e34e0be769812bbd7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u122d733129dddf4e34e0be769812bbd7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Comedy of Stephen Crow EssayThe music changes to the sound of the Jaws theme tune which speeds up until the victim is eventually attacked from underneath by the shark. She is then thrown around for a while until she gets dragged under. The music stops and the picture fades to black, the next view is of the same stretch of the beach but the morning after. There is silence except for the lapping waves and the eerie noise of the sea bells. Every good movie has the bad guys! Speilberg follows suit and portrays his human villain in the form of Amitys mayor. He is a selfish, pompous and ignorant overweight man who disagrees with every point Brodie brings to him.  The mayor helps to build the tension as he has the power to save the day but chooses to take risks to pursue business ventures. He is informed quickly by Brodie of the sharks presence but decides to overlook it as a one-off and to Brodies disgust keeps the beach open. This also creates on-screen tension between the two characters which therefore creates tension within the audience. Brodie and the mayors personal feud continues throughout the film and keeps high tension throughout. After Brodie has finally convinced the mayor to shut the beach. This loses lots of business and the townspeople are less than happy. To keep them on his side he makes it a 24-hour ban. This starts to create probably the most tension in the entire film. The ban leaves Brodie needing to catch the massive shark and only having 24 hours in which to do it. If he fails or runs out of time this could cause many peoples deaths. During the meeting where the ban is confirmed a grieving mother whose son was ripped up on his lilo by the shark offers a reward to the public. Anyone who can prove they killed the shark would receive 3,000.  This causes absolute hysteria amongst the public. People from far and wide come to try and slay the beast from the deep! This is also a very tense part of the story. The harbour is dangerously overcrowded, which plays a serious part in the tension. With all the people going out to sea in packed rowing bouts with rods and harpoons, as the audience has already seen the size of the shark we are aware that they are seriously risking their lives. A group of men catch a large shark, there is even more hysteria in the harbour as the press flock around. It seems that the problem is over, the beach is safe! Everyone lives happily ever after! Not quite! The point of arrival for Hooper and he steps up to examine the shark. It turns out that the commotion was not needed as the killer was still out there, the shark caught was in fact a large Tiger shark not at all big enough to be the one that had savaged the young woman.

Lovely Traditions, And Stupid Rituals Essay Example For Students

Lovely Traditions, And Stupid Rituals Essay Lovely Traditions or Stupid Rituals?When I first read the story The Lottery by Shirley Jackson, I was appaled by the was the townspeople treated the persnon who drew the black dot. They didnt have the common sense to know that killing a person that the community depended on somehow was not a good thing. To me, thats pure lunacy. Why would you want to kill a close friend or family member? Maybe its just me, but that dosent make too much sense. Nowdays, we have a bunch of lovely Traditions and a whole slugful of Stupid Rituals. Lets first take a look at a bachelor party. This is what I would call a Stupid Ritual. There is basicly no point to it, a bunch of guys that are trying to give their buddy one last chance at being free befor the marrige. Buying a bunch of liqour and getting exoctic dancers in there to liven things up just sounds like trouble to me. Why is this ritual still taking place? There must be a positive thing that 15 guys can do besides try to get their buddy to have sex with an exotic dancer. If you love someone enough to devote your whole life to them, why would you wanna mess it up the night before? Isnt marrige a sacred thing in the U.S. anymore? Next, how about the Lovely Tradition of still making land mines? These things kill 25,000 people a year (largely children) they are maimed and killed by these mines while the world press doesnt even mention their fate in the daily news. People should insist that the companies who make and lay land mines clean them up. First step: lets make a list of the factories and the people who produce them, and tell on the news when theyre being laid. Planting mines is just as criminal as going into a high school and shooting kids.They arent even a somewhat civilized war tool, not chalenge is involved to kill your opponet and anyone else that may be walking in the general vacinity of the mine.